An optical fiber is a thin, flexible, transparent fiber that acts as a waveguide, or "light pipe", to transmit light between the two ends of the fiber. The field of applied science and engineering concerned with the design and application of optical fibers is known as fiber optics. Optical fibers are widely used in fiber-optic communications, which permits transmission over longer distances and at higher bandwidths (data rates) than other forms of communication. Fibers are used instead of metal wires because signals travel along them with less loss and are also immune to electromagnetic interference. Fibers are also used for illumination, and are wrapped in bundles so they can be used to carry images, thus allowing viewing in tight spaces. Specially designed fibers are used for a variety of other applications, including sensors and fiber lasers.
Optical fiber typically consists of a transparent core surrounded by a transparent cladding material with a lower index of refraction. Light is kept in the core by total internal reflection. This causes the fiber to act as a waveguide. Fibers that support many propagation paths or transverse modes are called multi-mode fibers (MMF), while those that only support a single mode are called single-mode fibers (SMF). Multi-mode fibers generally have a larger core diameter, and are used for short-distance communication links and for applications where high power must be transmitted. Single-mode fibers are used for most communication links longer than 1,050 meters (3,440 ft).
Joining lengths of optical fiber is more complex than joining electrical wire or cable. The ends of the fibers must be carefully cleaved, and then spliced together either mechanically or by fusing them together with heat. Special optical fiber connectors removable connections. (source from Wikipedia)
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Serat optik biasanya terdiri daripada teras lutsinar yang dikelilingi oleh bahan cladding lutsinar dengan indeks pembiasan cahaya yang lebih rendah. Cahaya disimpan di dalam teras oleh refleksi dalaman. Hal ini menyebabkan serat bertindak sebagai pembawa gelombang. Serat yang menyokong banyak laluan propagasi atau mod melintang disebut serat mod pelbagai (MMF), sementara mereka yang hanya menyokong mod tunggal disebut serat mod tunggal (SMF). Serat mod pelbagai umumnya memiliki diameter teras yang lebih besar, dan digunakan untuk perhubungan komunikasi jarak dekat dan untuk aplikasi dimana kuasa tinggi harus dihantar. Serat mod tunggal yang digunakan untuk perhubungan komunikasi yang paling panjang adalah dari 1,050 meter (3.440 kaki).
Proses penyambungan serat optik adalah lebih kompleks daripada proses penyambungan dawai elektrik atau kabel|Hujung serat harus dipotong berhati-hati, dan kemudian secara mekanikal atau dengan menggabungkan mereka menggunakan alat pemanas. Penyambung gentian optik menggantikan sambungan tetap.(Sumber daripada Wikipedia) SILA KE LAMAN WEB KAMI UNTUK PEMBELIAN FIBER OPTIK >> KLIK DISINI<<
